We standardized all the fermentation parameters in 5L fermenter and the results are briefly described below (Table 1 and Table 2):
S. No | Fermentation Media | 1 litre (g) |
1 | D-Glucose | 50 |
2 | Soyabean Meal | 50 |
3 | Propylene Glycol | 10 |
4 | Ammonium sulphate | 5 |
5 | Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 1 |
6 | Calcium carbonate | 5 |
7 | Magnesium sulphate | 1 |
8 | Ferrous sulphate | 0.01 |
9 | Copper Sulphate | 0.0033 |
10 | Zinc Sulphate | 0.05 |
11 | Mangenese sulphate | 0.004 |
12 | Cobalt Chroride | 0.002 |
13 | Ammonium molybdate | 0.001 |
14 | Silicon anti-foam agent (ml) | 4 |
Table 1: Fermentation media standardized for the production of 24 desmethylrifamycin B. We specifically used Soyabean meal as a nitrogen source, which made the production economical and helped increase the production of 24 desmethylrifamycin B compared with Yeast and Malt extract, usually used in shake flask media. The media was also supplemented with vital micronutrients that increased the biomass and provided proper growth conditions in large-volume fermentation.
Table 2: Optimum conditions for enhanced production of 24 desmethylrifamycin B. Dissolved oxygen was always kept above 30% by modulating the agitation and air-flow.
S. No | Parameter | Set |
1 | Temperature | 28⁰C |
2 | pH | 6.8-7.2 |
3 | Agitation | 200-300 rpm |
4 | Air Flow | 1.5 L/min to 10 L/ min |
5 | Dissolved Oxygen | 100%* |
Figure 1 (A): Table top fermenters used for carrying out 5L fermentation. The fermenters had clear vessel that helped in monitoring the production of yellow-colored rifamycin analogs produced after 72 h of incubation (B) Production of rifamycin analogue as observed by the change in yellow coloration. Production starts after 72 h of incubation and maxima was reached around 144 h (C) Improved extraction and purification using amberlite resin. The broth containing rifamycin was incubated with white amberlite beads for 24 h. Amberlite adsorbed the rifamycin that can be separated using 250-micron mesh size strainers.
By using the modified fermentation protocols as proposed in the previous BIG grant we produced the analogue around 700mg/L (from 20 mg /L).